據今日油價網站5月6日消息 美國能源信息署（EIA）周四表示，由于經濟上對新冠疫情的反應，美國能源產量去年下降了5%，創下有記錄以來的最大年降幅。

　　根據EIA的月度能源評論，去年美國的能源產量降至略低于96萬億英熱單位（quads），比2019年創紀錄的產量下降了5%。絕對值的下降是有記錄以來美國能源產量最大的年度下降，而這種下降主要是由于這場疫情，其大幅削減了對能源的需求。

　　EIA通過將能源轉換成普通的熱量單位（Btu）來計算和比較以不同物理單位（如桶或立方英尺）報告的不同類型的能源。

　　EIA今年早些時候表示，由于油價低迷導致鉆探活動銳減，美國原油產量去年下降了近100萬桶/日，創下歷史上最大年度降幅。

　　2020年，美國原油平均產量為1130萬桶/日，與2019年創紀錄的1220萬桶/日的年均產量相比下降了93.5萬桶/日，降幅為8%。

　　據EIA估計，美國原油產量在2020年1月達到峰值1280萬桶/日后不到兩個月，3月份油價暴跌，導致隨后幾個月停產，5月份達到2020年的最低月平均產量，當時美國產量僅為1000萬桶/日。

　　美國EIA表示，去年美國煤炭產量也創下有記錄以來的最大年降幅，降幅達25%，不到11萬億英熱單位。

　　天然氣產量在2020年也下降了0.6萬億英熱單位，下降了2%。

　　然而，EIA稱，由于風能和太陽能發電量增加，美國可再生能源產量在2020年增長了2%，達到創紀錄的11.8萬億英熱單位。

　　王磊 摘譯自 今日油價

　　原文如下：

　　U.S. Energy Production Saw Steepest Drop On Record In 2020

　　Due to economic responses to the pandemic, U.S. energy production dropped by 5 percent last year, marking the steepest annual decline on record, the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) said on Thursday.

　　Last year, energy production in the United States fell to just below 96 quadrillion British thermal units (quads), a 5-percent decline from the record production in 2019, according to EIA’s Monthly Energy Review. The decline in absolute terms was the largest annual decrease in U.S. energy production on record, and this decline was primarily due to the pandemic, which slashed demand for energy.

　　The EIA calculates and compares different types of energy reported in different physical units such as barrels or cubic feet by converting sources of energy to common units of heat, called British thermal units (Btu).

　　Due to plunging drilling activity amid low oil prices, U.S. crude oil production fell by nearly 1 million barrels per day (bpd) last year, registering the largest annual decline in history, the EIA said earlier this year.

　　In 2020, U.S. crude oil production averaged 11.3 million bpd, dropping by 935,000 bpd—or 8 percent—compared to the record-high annual average of 12.2 million bpd in 2019.

　　Less than two months after American crude oil production reached a peak of 12.8 million bpd in January 2020, oil prices collapsed in March, leading to production shut-ins over the following months, and to the lowest average monthly production for 2020 in May, when U.S. output was just 10 million bpd, according to EIA’s estimates.

　　U.S. coal production also booked its largest annual decline on record last year, falling by 25 percent to less than 11 quads, the EIA said today.

　　Natural gas production also dropped in 2020, by 0.6 quads, or by 2 percent.

　　U.S. renewable energy production, however, rose by 2 percent to a record-high 11.8 quads in 2020, due to higher electricity generation from wind and solar, the EIA said.